Overview
Cairo is the capital of Egypt and the city-state of Cairo Governorate, the largest city in the country with a population of 10 million.
It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: the Greater Cairo metropolitan area with a population of 21.9 million is the 12th largest population in the world.
Cairo is associated with ancient Egypt because the pyramid complex of Giza and the ancient cities of Memphis and Heliopolis are located in its geographical area.
Located near the Nile Delta, the city was originally developed as a Fustat and later established as a settlement Muslims conquered Egypt in 640, adjacent to the surviving Roman fortress of Babylon.
Under the Fatimids, a new city, al-Qāhirah, was founded nearby in 969.
It later replaced Fustat as the main urban center during the Ayyubid and Mamluk periods (12th to 16th centuries). Cairo has long been It has always been the center of political and cultural life in the region, and is known as the city of a thousand towers because of the predominance of its Islamic architecture.
Cairo's historic center was granted World Heritage status in 1979.
Cairo is considered a world city with a Beta rating According to GaWC. Cairo today is home to the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab world, as well as Al-Azhar University, the second oldest institution of higher learning in the world.
Many international media businesses and organizations have regional headquarters in the city; Arab The league has been based in Cairo for most of its time.